In many pressure vessels that are internally lined in order to avoid corrosion effects, it is required to weld internal elements such as, for instance, trays supports, chimney plates, packing, etc. to the internal side of the vessel wall. In this case, a decision needs to be made: weld the attachments directly to the internal […]

Nowadays, in many types of industrial plants, there are pressure vessels in service that work at temperatures that could be considered as severe, either low (cryogenic) or, conversely, high temperature. One of the main problems that needs to be addressed is the interaction with the support components of these equipment, that is, foundations or supporting […]

When referring to self-reinforced nozzles, it is generally assumed that the reinforcement to withstand the loads that affect the nozzle will be a constitutive part of the nozzle. This means that self-reinforced nozzles do not need auxiliary elements (like built up nozzles) to withstand design conditions and external loads. On a practical level, self-reinforced nozzles […]

The storage of energy is something convenient and even necessary in various industrial sectors. Energy can be stored in the form of electrical, mechanical or thermal energy. For this purpose, among others, devices such as batteries, flywheels or substances in a different phase than the one at ambient temperature are used. Regarding the last case, […]