API RP 579-1 is a practical recommendation developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) that provides a comprehensive methodology for Fitness for Service Evaluation. This guide provides a structured approach to evaluating the ability of equipment to continue operating safely, specifying under which conditions once some type of damage, deterioration or defect has been detected, […]

Let’s consider, for example, a fully pressurized pressure vessel with a load applied on the nozzle as shown in the picture. This load creates a bending stress (secondary stress) at the nozzle-to-head juncture. In the left-hand side of the nozzle, this load creates a tension strain value ε1 (see below), somewhat beyond the yield strain […]

In industry, ensuring the safety, durability, and efficiency of systems is crucial, and pressure testing plays a vital role in achieving this. They are essential for verifying the structural integrity and sealing capacity of piping systems and equipment under pressure. The process involves subjecting a component or system to a pressure greater than its normal […]

Determining the magnitude of the tightening torque to be applied to a stud or screw in a flanged joint is very important to ensure that a joint seats correctly and is maintained under different conditions, thus achieving what is desired: avoiding leaks. This always taking into account that no permissible value of any component that […]

A pressure vessel subject to an external force or ground motion, due to forces such as the wind or an earthquake, will deflect to a specific shape and then return to its original position once the applied force is dissipated or removed. The extent of deflection is proportional to the applied force. The vessel, or […]

Flanged joints are an assembled set, formed by the joining of two flanges using fasteners such as bolts, nuts and washers. A gasket is located between both flanges, which performs the function of sealing the joint assembly. Flanged joints are designed to allow the transport of a fluid in a pipeline or in a pressure […]